Types of Cases
In Latin, there are plenty of special ways how to use the different cases. In the following some of those uses are listed:
Accusative
The functions of the accusative are:
- Object
- Adverbial Accusative
- Double Accusative
- Accusativus exclamationis (exclamation)
- Accusative of the Destination
- Accusative of temporal Dimension
Examples:
- Object:
Amicum video. - I see the friend.
- Adverbial Accusative:
Plus velle - to want more
- Double Accusative:
Eam amicam video - i see / respect her as a friend.
- Accusativus exclamationis (exclamation)
Me miserum! - Poor me!
- Accusative of the Destination
Romam vado - I go to Rome.
- Accusative of the temporal Dimension
Rex 20 annos regnavit - the King was ruling for 20 years
Genitive
The functions of the Genitive are:
- Genitivus explicativus
- Genitive of interest / refert
- Genitivus partitivus
- Genitivus possessivus
- Genitivus pretii
- Genitivus qualitatis
- Genitivus subiectivus:
Examples:
- Genitivus subiectivus:
Amor amicae - the love towards my friend
- Genitivus possessivus
Domus amici - the friend’s house
- Genitive of interest / refert
- Genitivus explicativus
Nomen amici - the friend’s name
- Genitivus partitivus
Nemo nostrum - none of ours / us
- Genitivus qualitatis
Oppidum 200 annorum - a 200 year old city
- Genitivus pretii
Pauci mihi res sunt - I have few things
Ablative
The functions of the ablative are:
- Ablative after certain prepositions
- Ablativus causae (cause)
- Ablativus comparationis (comparation)
- Ablativus instrumentalis (instrument)
- Ablativus mensurae (measure)
- Ablativus modi (kind)
- Ablativus locativus (local)
- Ablativus originis (origin)
- Ablativus pretii (price)
- Ablativus qualitatis (quality)
- Ablativus separativus (separation)
- Ablativus temporis (time)
Examples:
- Ablativus comperationis
Felicior Marco - happier than Marcus
- Ablativus mensurae
Multo felicior Marco - much happier than Marcus
- Ablativus separativus:
Privare aliquem vita - to take someone’s life
- Ablative after certain prepositions
- Ablativus originis
Pulchro loco - deriving from a beautiful place
- Ablativus comapationis
Augustus potentior Caesar fuit. - Augustus was more powerful than Cäsar.
- Ablativus modi
Vehementia intrat. - He enters with violence.
Nudis pedibus esse. - to be barefooted
- Ablativus qualitatis
Bona anima - to be a good soul
Magna fama est. - He is of great fame.
- Ablativus instrumentalis
Armis civitatem superant. - They conquer the city with weapons.
Civitas muro circumdare - the city is surrounded by a wall
- Ablativus causae
Lege - according to the aws
Spe - for hope
- Ablativus mensurae
Multo ante - much earlier
- Ablativus locativus
In Italia - from Italy
Domi - at home
Humi - on the ground
- Ablativus pretii
Parvo - cheap
- Ablativus temporis
Nocte - at night / during the night
Die - at daytime
more information info@longua.org
Also read:
LONGUA.ORG: languages.li, longua.org in Italien, longua.org in Deutschland, longua.org in China, B1-Test (Schweiz), B2-Test (Schweiz), Allemand à Munich.ch, Soggiorni in Germania.it, Apprendre Allemand, 木木杨的博客 - China
