Type of Meaning

Conjunction / Preposition

Conjunction / Preposition

temporal: beforehand

als, nachdem

when, after

temporal: simultaneously

als, während, wenn, währenddessem, bei, solange, sobald, nach, danach

when, while, meanwhile, at, as long as, as soon as, after, afterwards

adversative

wegen, dagegen, aber, im Gegensatz zu

because of, while, but, as a contrary to

final

damit; um ... zu

for

causal

weil, da, deshalb, deswegen, daher, darum, wegen, aus

because, as, that’s why, therefore, because of

conditional

falls, wenn, im Falle, sonst

if, whether, in case of, unless

concessive

obwohl, obgleich; auch wenn, dennoch, trotzdem, gleichwohl, trotz, ungeachtet, auch, doch

although, though; even if, despite, also, but

modal

indem; wobei; dadurch, dass; ohne ... zu, dabei, mit, bei, unter, ohne

by; while; without ..., thereby, with, when, among, without